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Sudan’s East Darfur region is facing a catastrophic of humanitarian crisis as the conflict in El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur, intensifies. The fighting there has led to the death of at least 200 people, and over 1,000 injuries. Over 800,000 people have fled the city to date, many of whom have been displaced multiple times already, into neighboring East Darfur increasing pressure on already strained minimal resources in the state.
The long, harrowing journey from El Fasher to East Darfur is over 300 kilometers, and those fleeing face temperatures topping 50 Celsius (122°F), even as the region is poised to face the hottest year in decades. Most escaped at a moment’s notice due to the fighting with only the clothes on their backs, without any food or clean drinking water. Moreover, all are subject to multiple checkpoints along the route where the threat of extortion and theft is high.
The humanitarian impact of the conflict across Darfur, exacerbated by the recent fighting in El Fasher, is significant and multifaceted. Essential supplies such as food, water, and fuel are scarce. What is available for sale is exorbitantly priced. As famine looms across Sudan, the violence in El Fasher has significantly disrupted the delivery of critical aid into East Darfur as El Fasher serves as the main route for supplies into East Darfur.
The destruction of health centers and disruption of supplies to the few remaining facilities has overwhelmed the health care system. Thousands of civilians, already displaced and facing violence, are left without critical medical care, worsening their suffering. Among their many challenges, health workers are struggling to provide essential nutrition supplements to the growing number of severely malnourished children that have been classified as Extremely Critical.
International Islamic Youth League IIYL in collaboration with our partners has distributed over two hundred 200 metric tons of food and non-food items to over 20,605 internally displaced persons in South Sudan and refugees in neighboring country Chad.
The humanitarian situation is dire. Of an estimated population of over 900,000 in Al Fasher locality, some 700,000 have been internally displaced due to escalating violence, placing severe strain on already limited resources. This figure includes the entire population of Zamzam camp, estimated at around 500,000 people. By May 2025, close to six in 10 people in Al Fasher are projected to face acute food insecurity, with around 170,000
Access remains severely constrained by ongoing hostilities and a communications blackout. Fuel shortages are disrupting water services and the delivery of humanitarian assistance. Civilians face increasing protection risks, including blocked movement and reported ethnically motivated violence. Humanitarian partners report severe shortages of food, fuel, water and health supplies in Zamzam and Al Fasher. Diesel prices have spiked fivefold, halting water trucking services and jeopardizing access to safe drinking water
Our field reports indicate that about 6,300 people displaced from Zamzam camp arrived in Jebel Marra–a mountainous massif straddling parts of North Darfur, Central Darfur and South Darfur–in the past week. These numbers are yet to be verified by United Nations Agencies. About 85 per cent of the new arrivals are women, children and older people, all in need of urgent assistance. They are currently located in Funga Suk, Rokero, Golo and Nertiti town in Central Darfur, and Sortony in North Darfur. More displacement is expected following the exodus of more than 400,000 people from Zamzam.
Humanitarian partners plan to distribute essential non-food items (NFIs) to more than 9,000 people displaced from Zamzam and sheltering in Al Fasher. But ongoing insecurity and a communication blackout in and around Al Fasher are restricting access and putting aid workers at risk.
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